Cutoff frequency / Cutoff point. At that point a filter becomes active and starts to affect the sound. This decides what part of the frequency spectrum the filter works on.

Attenuation. This reduces the target frequencies.

Level / Gain. It allows you to cut ( attenuate ) or boost ( amplify ) a set of frequencies.

Bandwidth / Q / Resonance / stress / top. The filter effects the range of frequencies either side of the cutoff point and measured in Hertz, so it relates to frequency. However , it would be more helpful if it was measured in octaves.

The five different EQ types are :

Fixed EQ. This is typically a single control like Treble or Bass. A mixer may have Low ( bass ) and High ( treble ) EQ controls. The cutoff frequency here is fixed and you control the quantity of cut or boost.

Graphic EQ. The frequency ranges are fixed split into a sequence of bands to make cut and enhance individually. Each row of sliders control a specific frequency band. They are common on howdy fi systems. It also stands alone studio devices and can be found in software. However, you can technically divide the spectrum into any amount of bands, everyday divisions on hardware units are 15 and 31 covering two thirds and one in three of an octave ranges respectively.

Parametric EQ. With parametric EQ you change the frequency of the bands. It has typically three or 4 bands, each with three controls - cutoff frequency, bandwidth and level, permitting you to use explicit frequencies within a very tight range.

Paragraphic EQ. This is a kind of super-parametic EQ. It blurs the line between graphic and parametric. It offers several bands like a graphic, but with user-definable frequency bands like a parametric ; as this can become quite complex, they also have a tendency to have highly-graphic interfaces to look at precisely what frequencies are being influenced.

Sweeping / Semi-parametric EQ. This is the middle between a fixed EQ and a full parametric EQ - while the bandwidth is fixed, you can control the centre frequency ( the cutoff point ). It’s common to several mixers. Normally, you can find fixed high and low EQ with a sweepable mid range control.

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